Ice hockey Olympics. Ice hockey as an Olympic sport
1956, Cortina D'Ampezzo (Italy)
The seventh Winter Olympic Games were held in the Italian town of Cortina d'Ampezzo, at an altitude of about 1200 meters above sea level.
The USSR team performed for the first time at the White Olympics.
Representatives of the Soviet Union (53 people) took part in competitions in skiing, speed skating and hockey.
The USSR Olympic team was based on the CSK Moscow team.
“The USSR national team started the competition simply brilliantly, winning both of its matches with a total score of 15:4. The Swedes were defeated with a score of 5:1, and our hockey players gave the Swiss a real headache. The final result is 10:3 in favor of the USSR national team today. incredible, but back then it was a real reflection of things."
Our team made its debut at the Italian Olympics in 1956 and became the Olympic champion in hockey for the first time in history. The invincible Canadians lost out of despair to the US team (1:4), eventually becoming only bronze medalists. It was a real failure for the Maple Leafs.
The best player of the Soviet team in 1956 was Vsevolod Bobrov. A unique hockey player played both hockey and football superbly. Bobrov is the only athlete in the history of the Olympic Games, the captain of the USSR national teams that competed at the Olympic Games: in 1952 - football, in 1956 - hockey.
The prize awarded to the most successful team at the Russian Ice Hockey Championship is named after Vsevolod Bobrov. One of the divisions of the Kontinental Hockey League is also named after him. The ice sports palace built in Stupino is named after Vsevolod Mikhailovich.
WINNERS OF THE 1956 OLYMPICS
Gold – USSR
Silver – USA
Bronze – Canada
OLYMPIC CHAMPIONS-1956
Nikolai Puchkov (1930 – 2005), Grigory Mkrtychan (1925 – 2003), Ivan Tregubov (1930 – 1992), Nikolai Sologubov (1924 – 1988), Genrikh Sidorenkov (1931 – 1990), Dmitry Ukolov (1929 – 1992), Alfred Kuchevsky (1931 – 2000), Vsevolod Bobrov (1922 – 1979), Alexey Guryshev (1925 – 1983), Viktor Shuvalov (born 12/15/1923), Valentin Kuzin (1926 – 1994), Alexander Uvarov (1922 – 1994), Yuri Krylov ( 1930 – 1979), Evgeny Babich (1921 – 1972), Yuri Pantyukhov (1931 – 1981), Nikolai Khlystov (1932 – 1999), Victor Nikiforov (born 12/04/1931). Head coach: Arkady Chernyshev (1914 – 1992).
1964, Innsbruck (Austria)
The Winter Olympic Games in Innsbruck turned out to be record-breaking, both in terms of the number of participants (1111 people) and the breadth of the program (34 types of competitions, 7 sports).
Our team won its second Olympic gold in Innsbruck.
The defenders scored 10 goals, 15 were Yakushev’s three, 14 were Starshinov’s three, 11 were Almetov’s three. Canadians, the founders of hockey, for the first time remained behind the Olympic medal list, taking fourth place.
Best players of the tournament:
Goalkeeper: S. Martin (Canada);
Defender: F. Tikal (Czechoslovakia);
Forward: B. Mayorov (USSR);
By decision of the USSR national team coaches prize for "best striker" transferred to the best player of the Soviet team, Eduard Ivanov.
Fair Play Award awarded to the Finnish team that earned the fewest penalty minutes.
The games of the Olympic tournament were served by Soviet referees:
A. Starovoitov (5 matches) and V. Kuznetsov (3 matches).
Symbolic team of the tournament:
S. Martin (Canada); A. Ragulin (USSR) - R. Seiling (Canada); R. Bourbonnais (Canada) - J. Cerny (Czechoslovakia) - V. Yakushev (USSR).
WINNERS OF THE 1964 OLYMPICS
1. USSR
Victor Konovalenko, Boris Zaitsev, Alexander Ragulin, Eduard Ivanov, Victor Kuzkin, Vitaly Davydov, Oleg Zaitsev, Konstantin Loktev, Victor Yakushev, Vyacheslav Starshinov, Boris Mayorov, Veniamin Alexandrov, Leonid Volkov, Anatoly Firsov, Alexander Almetov, Evgeniy Mayorov, Stanislav Petukhov .
2. Sweden
3. Czechoslovakia
1968, Grenoble (France)
WINNERS OF THE 1968 OLYMPICS
Gold - USSR
Silver - Czechoslovakia
Bronze - Canada
Olympic champions 1968
Victor Zinger (born 10/29/1941), Victor Konovalenko (03/11/1938 - 02/20/1996), Victor Blinov (09/01/1945 - 07/09/1968), Vitaly Davydov (born 04/03/1939), Victor Kuzkin (07/06/1940 - 06/24/2008), Alexander Ragulin (05/05/1941 - 11/17/2004), Oleg Zaitsev (08/04/1939 - 03/01/1993), Igor Romishevsky (born 03/25/1940), Anatoly Firsov (02/01/1941 - 06/24/2000) , Victor Polupanov (born 01/01/1946), Vyacheslav Starshinov (born 05/06/1940), Vladimir Vikulov (born 07/20/1946), Boris Mayorov (born 02/11/1938), Evgeny Mishakov (02/22/1941 - 05/30. 2007), Yuri Moiseev (07/15/1940 - 09/23/2005), Anatoly Ionov (05/23/1939), Veniamin Alexandrov (04/18/1937 - 11/06/1991), Evgeny Zimin (08/06/1947).
USSR national team goalkeeper Viktor Konovalenko became one of the world's first two-time Olympic hockey champions.
The best forward of the 1968 games, Firsov, became the most successful scorer at the World Championships three times in a row - from 1967 to 1969. At the Olympics, he scored 12 goals in seven matches, scoring two hat-tricks.
“Firsov had an amazingly powerful click. And the goalkeepers felt bad when they saw the swing of the CSKA forward. Once the puck after Firsov’s throw hit the helmet of the Krylya Sovetov goalkeeper Alexander Sidelnikov, penetrated him and cut his forehead. After which the goalkeeper, unconscious, was taken to "Ambulance"".
The best players of the Olympic tournament:
goalkeeper: K. Broderick (Canada),
defender: J. Horesovsky (Czechoslovakia),
forward: A. Firsov (USSR).
The most productive:
A. Firsov (USSR) - 16 (12+4).
V. Polupanov (USSR) - 12 (6+6).
V. Starshinov (USSR) - 12 (6+6).
V. Vikulov (USSR) - 12 (2+10).
J. Golonka (Czechoslovakia) - 10 (4+6).
Trainers: Arkady Chernyshov, Anatoly Tarasov.
Symbolic team of the 1968 Olympics:
- goalkeeper: K. Boderick (Canada),
- defenders: L. Svedberg (Sweden), J. Suchy (Czechoslovakia),
- forwards: A. Firsov (USSR), F. Hakk (Canada), F. Shevchik (Czechoslovakia)
1972, Sapporo (Japan)
At the Games in Sapporo, the USSR national hockey team extended its triumph, winning the Olympics for the third time in a row. Our team defeated the Finns (9:3), the USA (7:2), Poland (9:3) and Czechoslovakia (5:2). And only once did Anatoly Tarasov’s team draw. This happened in the second match, in which the Soviet players faced the Swedes (3:3). Champions and medalists of the 1972 Olympics
Gold - USSR
Silver - USA
Bronze - Czechoslovakia 
In Sapporo, the Vikulov-Firsov-Kharlamov trio played effectively. Of the 33 goals scored by the team at the Olympics, 16 (!) - almost half - were scored by them. Valery Kharlamov excelled in each of the five matches, becoming the most productive at the Olympics - 16 points (9+7). The gold medal in honor of the victory at the tournament was Valery’s first success at the Olympic Games.
The most successful:
V. Kharlamov (USSR) 16 (9+7)
V.Nedomansky (Czechoslovakia) 9 (6+3)
K. Sarner (USA) 9 (4+5)
V. Vikulov (USSR) 8 (5+3)
K. Ahern (USA) 7 (4+3)
A. Maltsev (USSR) 7 (4+3) Olympic champions 1972
Vladislav Tretyak (born 04/25/1952), Alexander Pashkov (born 08/28/1944), Vitaly Davydov (born 04/03/1939), Victor Kuzkin (07/06/1940 - 06/24/2008), Alexander Ragulin (05/05/1941 - 17/11 .2004), Gennady Tsygankov (08/16/1947 - 02/16/2006), Vladimir Lutchenko (born 01/02/1949), Valery Vasiliev (born 08/03/1949), Igor Romishevsky (born 03/25/1940), Evgeny Mishakov (22/02) .1941 - 05/30/2007), Alexander Maltsev (born 04/20/1949), Alexander Yakushev (born 01/02/1947), Vladimir Vikulov (born 07/20/1946), Anatoly Firsov (02/01/1041 - 07/24/2000), Valery Kharlamov (14.01.1948 - 27.08.1981), Yuri Blinov (born 13.01.1949), Boris Mikhailov (born 06.10.1944), Vladimir Petrov (born 30.06.1947), Vladimir Shadrin (born 06.06.1948 ), Evgeny Zimin (born 08/06/1947). Coaches: Arkady Chernyshev, Anatoly Tarasov.
The illustrious mentors prepared the team for the Olympics for the last time.
1976, Innsbruck (Austria)
At the opening of the 1976 Olympic Games, the USSR flag was entrusted to be carried by the goalkeeper of our hockey team, Vladislav Tretyak. The USSR team at this tournament won all six meetings with a goal difference of “plus 42”. This victory for our hockey players was the fourth in a row at the Olympic Games and the fifth in history. Winners of the 1976 Olympics
Gold – USSR.
Silver - Czechoslovakia.
Bronze - Germany. Compared to the 1972 Olympics in Sapporo, there have been many changes in the Soviet team. Absent were Pashkov, Ragulin, Kuzkin, Davydov, Romishevsky, Vikulov, Firsov, Blinov, Mishakov and Zimin. They were replaced by Sidelnikov, Babinov, Lyapkin, Gusev, Shalimov, Zhluktov, Kapustin, Alexandrov. Olympic champions–1976
Vladislav Tretyak (born 04/25/1952), Alexander Sidelnikov (08/12/1950 – 06/23/2003), Sergey Babinov (born 07/11/1955), Yuri Lyapkin (born 01/21/1945), Valery Vasiliev (born 08/03/1949 ), Alexander Gusev (born 01/21/1947), Gennady Tsygankov (08/16-1947 – 02/16/2006), Vladimir Lutchenko (born 01/02/1949), Vladimir Shadrin (born 06/06/1948), Alexander Maltsev (born 04/20) .1949), Victor Shalimov (born 04/20/1951), Alexander Yakushev (born 01/02/1947), Viktor Zhluktov (born 01/26/1954), Vladimir Petrov (born 06/30/1947), Valery Kharlamov (08/14/1948 – 08/27/1981), Sergei Kapustin (02/13/1953 – 06/04/1995), Boris Mikhailov (born 10/06/1944), Boris Alexandrov (11/13/1955 – 07/31/2002). The most productive
V. Shadrin (USSR) 14 (10+4)
A. Maltsev (USSR) 14 (7+7)
V. Shalimov (USSR) 14 (7+7)
A. Yakushev (USSR) 13 (4+9)
E. Kühnhackl (Germany) 11 (6+5)
V. Zhlutkov (USSR) 11 (2+9)
1984, Sarajevo (Yugoslavia)
Soviet hockey players won the 1984 Olympics brilliantly - seven victories in seven matches, 48 goals scored and only five missed! And the main rivals who reached the final four - the national teams of Czechoslovakia, Sweden and Canada - were defeated with a total score of 16:1.
The losers at the last tournament (1980), when our world championship did not take place, Soviet hockey players sought a meeting with the offenders - the Americans. But by the will of fate, the latter avoided an unpleasant match. At the preliminary stage, we ended up in different subgroups with the Americans. And then they screwed us over by simply not making it to the final tournament.
Winners of the 1984 Olympics
Gold - USSR.
Silver - Czechoslovakia.
Bronze - Sweden.
Olympic champions 1984
Vladislav Tretyak (born 04/25/1952), Vladimir Myshkin (born 06/19/1955), Zinetula Bilyaletdinov (born 03/13/1955), Andrey Khomutov (born 04/21/1961), Nikolai Drozdetsky (06/14/1957 – 11/24/1995 ), Vyacheslav Fetisov (born 04/20/1958), Alexander Gerasimov (born 05/19/1959), Alexey Kasatonov (born 10/14/1959), Vladimir Kovin (born 06/20/1954), Alexander Kozhevnikov (born 09/21/1958 ), Sergey Shepelev (born 10/13/1955), Vasily Pervukhin (born 01/01/1956), Sergey Makarov (born 06/19/1958), Igor Larionov (born 12/03/1960), Vladimir Krutov (born 06/01/1960), Alexander Skvortsov (born 08/28/1954), Sergei Starikov (born 10/04/1958), Igor Stelnov (02/12/1963 – 03/24/2009), Victor Tyumenev (born 06/01/1957), Mikhail Vasiliev (born 06/03/1962 ).
Coaches: Viktor Tikhonov, Vladimir Yurzinov
1988, Calgary (Canada)
Another triumph for the USSR national team. Winners of the 1988 Olympics:Gold – USSR.
Silver – Finland.
Bronze – Sweden. The current famous coaches shone in the USSR national team. Future coach of Dynamo Moscow Andrei Khomutov, president of hockey CSKA Vyacheslav Fetisov, head coach of the Russian national team Vyacheslav Bykov. Vladimir Krutov, Igor Larionov, and Valery Kamensky demonstrated a fantastic game at the Olympics. Olympic champions – 1988:
Sergey Mylnikov (born 10/06/1958), Ilya Byakin (born 02/02/1963), Igor Stelnov (02/12/1963 - 03/24/2009), Vyacheslav Fetisov (born 04/20/1958), Alexey Gusarov (born 07/08/1964 ), Alexey Kasatonov (born 10/14/1959), Sergey Starikov (born 12/04/1958), Vyacheslav Bykov (born 07/24/1960), Sergey Yashin (born 03/06/1962), Valery Kamensky (born 04/18/1966 ), Sergey Svetlov (born 01/17/1961), Alexander Chernykh (born 09/12/1965), Andrey Khomutov (born 04/21/1961), Igor Larionov (born 12/03/1960), Andrey Lomakin (04/03/1964 - 09/12 .2006), Sergey Makarov (born 06/19/1958), Alexander Mogilny (born 02/18/1969), Anatoly Semenov (born 03/05/1962), Alexander Kozhevnikov (born 09/21/1958), Igor Kravchuk (born 13/09) .1966), Vladimir Krutov (born 06/01/1960). Head coach - Viktor Tikhonov, coach - Vladimir Yurzinov.
1992, Albertville (France)
1,804 athletes representing National Olympic Committees (NOCs) from 65 countries arrived in Albertville for the XVI Winter Olympic Games. This was a record number of participants in the entire history of the Winter Olympic Games. A few months before this, the USSR collapsed.
Questions immediately arose about the status of the team, its financing, recruitment, preparation and participation in the Olympics. Finally, it was decided that the Olympic team of the former USSR would compete as a joint team of the Commonwealth of Independent States - CIS under the Olympic flag. The Olympic flag was also supposed to be raised in honor of the winners and medalists from the CIS team. The CIS team did not have a guaranteed cash contribution to pay to the French NOC for participation in the Olympic Games, as well as to send it to Albertville. In the end, these problems, which had never arisen before, were resolved and the team of the former USSR ended up at the 1992 Olympics. Many of the best hockey players of the former Soviet Union no longer saw these events in their country, because they had already begun to conclude lucrative contracts with Western clubs , long before the official collapse of the USSR. During the games in Calgary four years ago, many predicted that USSR junior team stars Alexander Mogilny, Sergei Fedorov and Pavel Bure would become the Soviet Union's next great trio in 1990. But by the time the Albertville games began, all three were already playing in the National Hockey League.
In the off-season of 1989, officials of the Soviet Hockey Federation released many hockey players to the West. Over the next two seasons, 34 national team players left the Soviet Union. By the 1991-92 season, 23 more national team players had left the country, including Valery Kamensky, Vladimir Konstantinov and Vyacheslav Kozlov.
The CIS hockey team was staffed with young, little-known players, as all the leading players went overseas to play for various professional NHL clubs. As a result of preliminary competitions, in which 12 teams took part, teams from the USA, Sweden, Canada and the CIS managed to reach the semifinals. The athletes of the CIS hockey team unexpectedly easily beat the leader of the first preliminary group, the USA team, in the semi-finals with a score of 5:2, and in the finals of the Canadians with a score of 3:1. This victory was the last for the USSR/CIS/Russia teams at the Olympic Games. Olympic Games 1992 were the last for the Czechoslovakian national team; already at the next Olympics this union broke up into two independent states - the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
WINNERS OF THE 1992 OLYMPICS
Gold – CIS
Silver – Canada
Bronze – Czechoslovakia
CIS team:
Mikhail Shtalenkov, Andrey Trefilov, Nikolay Khabibulin, Darius Kasparaitis, Dmitry Mironov, Igor Kravchuk, Sergey Bautin, Dmitry Yushkevich, Alexey Zhitnik, Vladimir Malakhov, Sergey Zubov, Andrey Khomutov, Vyacheslav Bykov, Yuri Khmylev, Andrey Kovalenko, Vyacheslav Butsaev, Evgeny Davydov , Alexey Kovalev, Alexey Zhamnov, Sergey Petrenko, Nikolay Borshchevsky, Igor Boldin, Vitaly Prokhorov.
Trainers: Viktor Tikhonov, Igor Dmitriev.
The 24th Winter Olympic Games will be held from February 4 to 20, 2022 in the capital of China, Beijing. As part of the Olympics, a hockey tournament will take place, matches of which will be played on the ice of a converted basketball hall built for the 2008 Olympic Games and in the arena of the Capital Sports Palace.
Participants
12 hockey teams will take part in the hockey tournament - these are the 8 best teams according to the IIHF rating after the 2020 World Cup, the Chinese team as the country hosting the Winter Olympics and 3 teams that won the Olympic qualification.
Tournament table
At the group stage, the national teams will be divided into three groups of four teams, each will play three matches - with each in its own group. The group winners, plus one team that showed the best result among the teams that did not take first place in the groups, immediately advance to the quarterfinals. The remaining 8 teams for reaching the quarterfinals play in the qualifying round, the pairs of which are formed according to the principle of the highest with the lowest in the overall rating.
Beijing was chosen as the host city for the Winter Olympics by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in July 2015. The Olympic emblem is a Chinese character, the upper part of which symbolizes the movements of speed skaters, and the lower part - the posture of a skier. The ribbon in the middle symbolizes mountain ranges, stadiums and ski slopes, as well as the fact that the Olympics will take place during the Chinese New Year.
There were legends about Blinov’s crazy-powerful throw; it was said that the speed of his puck could reach more than 200 kilometers per hour, and all opponents were afraid of his power moves. In 1966-1968, the Spartak pair of defenders Blinov - Makarov was the strongest in the USSR; in one season they scored 17 goals each - a fantastic indicator for defensive players. Victor's finest hour came at the Grenoble Olympics in 1968. In seven matches he scored four goals, and in the decisive match with the Swedes he scored 3 (1+2) points.
Unfortunately, this was the first and last major tournament for Blinov. Six months later he was gone. While on vacation, Victor had a heart attack, but he didn’t pay attention to it. Returning to Moscow, he immediately became involved in the training process. On July 10, he went to his last basketball lesson. Fall, blood... and death. Blinov was 23 years old.
Sergey Kapustin
At the age of 23, he was already playing in the Super Series with NHL clubs and winning the Olympic Games. A year later, in May 1977, Viktor Tikhonov came to Kapustin’s apartment and invited him to CSKA. Sergei resisted for a long time, not wanting to leave his native “Wings of the Soviets,” but in the end he agreed. The following year, at the World Cup, he scored the most memorable goal of his career. Kapustin started with the puck from his zone, calmly dribbled around almost all the Canadians, and then performed an elegant pirouette in front of goalkeeper Bouchard, causing him to fall to the ice, and even then the Soviet hockey player sent the puck into the empty net.
In 1980, a huge tragedy occurred in the family of a hockey player. His four-year-old son died of pneumonia. After three years at CSKA, Kapustin moved to Spartak. At the age of 33, he ended his career and went to Austria, where he was a player-coach in a top division club for two years. In the 90s he was not in great demand in hockey.
One hot summer day I swam in a pond and cut my hand. The result is blood poisoning. Doctors could not help, and on June 4, 1995, he died. Kapustin was 42 years old.
He was one of the best Soviet goalkeepers in the mid-80s. At the age of 16 he played for SKA under Boris Mikhailov. At the age of 19 he made his debut in the national team, and at 20 he became its main goalkeeper. In 1986 in Moscow, 20-year-old Belosheykin became the world champion and the best goalkeeper of the tournament, and two years later in Calgary he became the Olympic champion. Everyone predicted him a brilliant career and the title of the second Tretiak. But things didn't work out that way.
Even in his youth, the hockey player became addicted to alcohol. Due to repeated violations of the sports regime, in the fall of 1989 he was expelled from CSKA. No team wanted to invite him. Evgeniy’s wife left him, and his father was shot dead in a St. Petersburg cafe. He stopped communicating with old friends and, according to rumors, was selling things at the market. On November 18, 1999, Evgeniy could not stand it. First he tried to open his veins, and then hanged himself. The 33-year-old ex-goalkeeper was found dead in an apartment in St. Petersburg. The police confirmed the fact of suicide.
Stefan Liv
His real name is Patrick Sleaze. He was born in Poland, and immediately after birth he ended up in an orphanage. The Swedish family Jens and Anita Liv adopted the baby when he was two years old. His new parents gave him a new name: Stefan David Patrick Liv. He began his career as a goalkeeper in the XB71 team, from where he was first called up to the national team. In 2006, he won Olympic gold as a member of the Swedish national team, and then went to the NHL. He never played a single match for Detroit and returned to Sweden. In May 2010, he signed a contract with Sibir, and a year later he moved to Lokomotiv, for which he never played. In the summer of 2011, Stefan and his girlfriend Anna had a beautiful wedding. And three months later, during takeoff, the plane of the Yaroslavl team, in which Liv was, crashed.
Nikolay Drozdetsky
The famous striker was born in Kolpino, a suburb of St. Petersburg. At first he played football as a goalkeeper, then switched to hockey. At the age of 18, he won the Junior World Championship as a defensive player (he shone in tandem with Fetisov). However, later SKA head coach Nikolai Puchkov put Nikolai in the attack, and there everything began to work out brilliantly for the young man. Fans instantly dubbed him Drozd, and the public fell in love with him for his beautiful individual play. Tikhonov personally invited Drozdetsky to CSKA.
In Moscow, the forward continued to shine and successfully played at the Canada Cup in 1981. Three years later he won Olympic gold. Drozdetsky was a universal hockey player, able to work on defense, play in uneven lineups, and score at the right moment. In 503 matches of the USSR Championship, he scored 252 goals - an incredible figure! In 1987 he returned to SKA, at the same time doctors discovered he had diabetes. But Nikolai did not give up hockey, but went to play in Sweden. At the end of November 1995, he came to St. Petersburg to visit his mother. At night, Drozdetsky suddenly became ill - a diabetic coma ensued. The doctors could no longer help...
Valery Kharlamov
Everyone in Russia seems to know his name. And not only because of the film “Legend No. 17”. Kharlamov has long become a symbol of Soviet hockey, its main star. Valery's greatest strengths were his excellent technique, impeccable skating, puck control, and outstanding scoring qualities. Kharlamov became world champion eight times and twice rose to the highest step of the Olympic podium. And his goals against the Canadians during the 1974 Super Series? Masterpieces!
The life of the idol of millions of Soviet boys ended suddenly. At 33 years old. In 1981, Tikhonov did not take him to the Canada Cup, and Valery remained in Moscow. On August 27, he and his wife Irina died in a car accident on Leningradskoe Highway. Last year, a monument to Kharlamov was unveiled on the Walk of Fame in Luzhniki.
Theo Fleury
“I went on a three-month spree. Me and mountains of cocaine. And no one else and nothing else. At night I would run out into the desert and yell at the trees. Three months later, I completely went crazy... I came home and put the pistol with a cartridge on the glass coffee table near the sofa...,” wrote the Olympic champion and Stanley Cup winner Theo Fleury in his autobiography.
He had a bright and eventful career. Being one of the shortest players in the NHL, Theo played aggressive and power hockey, not afraid to use dirty tricks. Fleury spent 11 seasons in Calgary, two of which he served as team captain. He played 1,084 games in the NHL, scoring 1,088 points.
After winning the Olympics in Salt Lake City, his career began to decline. Drugs and alcohol took first place in the striker’s life. Theo later admitted that one of the reasons for his problems was sexual abuse by his childhood coach Graham James. Having given up drugs and alcohol, in 2009 Fleury released his autobiography, Playing with Fire, in which he told a terrible story from his youth and how he managed to get out of a terrible depression in the last years of his career.
Mark Wells
Mark was a participant in the famous “Miracle on Ice” - a match at the Lake Placid Olympics in which the US team beat the USSR team and won gold medals. These Games remained the only major tournament in Wells' career. After the Olympic Games, he was unable to play in the NHL, spent two years in the lower American leagues and ended his career.
After retiring from hockey, Mark worked as a restaurant manager in Michigan. While carrying a heavy box of groceries, Wells broke his spine. After an 11-hour operation, doctors said he had a rare degenerative spinal disease. The terrible diagnosis forced the ex-hockey player to leave work, undergo several more operations and be confined to a hospital bed for a long time. Nevertheless, before the Olympics in Salt Lake City, Mark managed to organize a friendly match with his partners on the US national team, which won in 1980, in which he even played several shifts.
In 2010, due to huge expenses for treatment, Wells began to have financial problems. He sold his Olympic gold medal for $40,000, managing to pay for his surgeries and medical procedures.
Why did Tikhonov replace Tretiak? American students “stole” gold from the USSR
The loudest defeat in the history of Soviet hockey occurred at the Olympics in Lake Placid. In the USA this match is called the “miracle on ice”.
Jimmy Craig
The fate of another participant in the “Miracle on Ice” turned out to be difficult. In the match against the USSR, Craig made 36 saves, allowing his team to stay in the game and eventually win. The following season he played in the NHL for Boston, although he played only 23 games. In May 1982, Jimmy was involved in a car accident near Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The passenger of the other car died, and Craig was initially found to be the culprit of the incident. A charge of hooliganism was soon added to the case for an incident that occurred three weeks earlier. Neither alcohol nor drugs were found in the hockey player’s blood. A few months later he was eventually acquitted on all counts. Craig retired in 1984 and subsequently worked as a sales, marketing and strategic planner. In 1999, he became one of the first members of the 1980 championship team to be elected to the IIHF Hall of Fame.
Forsberg’s fate cannot be called completely tragic. He is one of three hockey players in history who won the Olympics, the World Championship and the Stanley Cup at least twice (besides him, only Larionov and Fetisov succeeded). Peter played until he was almost 40 years old, and now lives in Sweden. However, the Swedish forward suffered from serious injuries for most of his career. Since the 1995/96 season, problems with shins and ankles, aggravated by complications, have interfered with the game. Every month Peter tried about 60-70 (!) pairs of skates, and from time to time his feet would become so swollen that he could not put them on. Added to this were other misfortunes: rupture and dysfunction of the spleen, a dislocated wrist, a broken arm, and eternal stretching of the groin rings. But, overcoming all adversity, Forsberg managed to become one of the greatest hockey players in Swedish history.
The main thing about the format, calendar and composition of the Russian team at the Olympic hockey tournament
FORMAT
Hockey tournament at the Olympics in Pyeongchang will be held at the Gangneung and Gwandong arenas from February 14 to 25, 2018. The 12 teams are divided into three groups of four teams, with all participants from the first stage qualifying for the playoffs. The three group winners plus the best runner-up automatically qualify for the quarter-finals, while the remaining eight teams advance to the round of 16.
SCHEDULE
The Russian national team will play in Group B with Slovakia (February 14 at 15.10 Moscow time), Slovenia (February 16 at 10.40) and the USA (February 17 at 15.10). The Olympic final will take place on February 25 at 7.10. Note that the time difference between Moscow and Pyeongchang is six hours.
COMPOSITION OF THE TEAM RUSSIA
The composition of the Russian national team, whose head coach will be Oleg Znarok, will be named on January 25: the application must include 3 goalkeepers and 22 field players. Due to the NHL’s refusal to take part in the Olympics in Pyeongchang, Alexander Ovechkin, Evgeni Malkin and other Russian hockey players playing overseas will not play, so the main stars of the Znarka team will be representatives of the KHL - Ilya Kovalchuk and Pavel Datsyuk.
PARTICIPANTS AND FAVORITES
In the absence of NHL players, the Russian team became the main favorite in the fight for Olympic gold. The main competitors are Canada, Finland and Sweden. For the first time in the history of the Olympics, the Korean national team will take part in the hockey tournament.
One of the most favorite sports of Russians. Unfortunately, you can only win one medal in this event at the Olympic Games. But it will be very valuable to us, especially if it is gold. Russia won the last two world championships. We have every right to hope for gold at the Olympics.
Ice hockey is a sports game, a subtype of hockey, consisting of a confrontation between two teams who, passing the puck with their sticks, strive to throw it the greatest number of times into the opponent’s goal and not let it into their own. The team that scores the most goals into the opponent's goal wins.
The history of ice hockey is one of the most contested of all sports. Traditionally, Montreal is considered the birthplace of hockey (although more recent studies point to the primacy of Kingston, Ontario or Windsor, Nova Scotia). However, some other 16th-century Dutch paintings depict many people playing a hockey-like game on a frozen canal. But despite this, Canada is still considered the birthplace of modern ice hockey.
When Great Britain conquered Canada from France in 1763, the soldiers brought field hockey with them to this land. Since Canadian winters are very harsh and long, winter sports have always been welcomed in this area. By attaching cheese cutters to their boots, English- and French-speaking Canadians played the game on frozen rivers, lakes and other bodies of water. In Nova Scotia and Virginia, there are old paintings of people playing hockey.
On March 3, 1875, the first hockey match was held in Montreal at the Victoria skating rink, information about which was recorded in the Montreal newspaper Montreal Gazette. Each team consisted of nine people. They played with a wooden puck, and their protective equipment was borrowed from baseball. For the first time, hockey goals were installed on the ice.
In 1877, several students at Montreal's McGill University invented the first seven rules of hockey. In 1879 they made a rubber washer. After some time, the game became so popular that in 1883 it was presented at the annual Montreal Winter Carnival. In 1885, the Amateur Hockey Association was founded in Montreal.
The rules of the game of hockey were improved, streamlined and printed in 1886. According to them, the number of field players decreased from nine to seven, on the ice there were a goalkeeper, front and back defenders, a center and two forwards, and in front across the entire width of the field was a rover (English rover - tramp) - the strongest hockey player, the best puck thrower . The team played the entire match with the same lineup, and by the end of the game the athletes were literally crawling on the ice from fatigue, because only the player who was injured was allowed to be replaced (and then in the last period and only with the consent of the opponents). That same year, the first international meeting was held between Canadian and English teams.
In 1890, the state of Ontario hosted a championship for four teams. Indoor skating rinks with natural ice soon appeared. To prevent it from melting, narrow slits were cut in the walls and roofs to allow cold air to enter. The first artificial ice skating rink was built in Montreal in 1899.
The game of hockey became so popular that in 1893, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Frederick Arthur Stanley, purchased a cup, similar to an inverted pyramid of silver rings, for 10 guineas to present to the national champion. This is how the legendary trophy appeared - the Stanley Cup. At first, amateurs fought for it, and since 1910, professionals too. Since 1927, the Stanley Cup has been competed by teams in the National Hockey League.
In 1900, a net appeared on the gate. Thanks to this new product, the debate about whether a goal was scored or not was stopped. The referee's metal whistle, which stuck to his lips from the cold, was replaced by a bell, and soon a plastic whistle. At the same time, a puck throw-in was introduced (previously, the referee used to move the opponents’ sticks towards the puck lying on the ice with his hands and, having blown the whistle, moved to the side so as not to get hit with the stick).
The first professional hockey team was created in Canada in 1904. In the same year, hockey players switched to a new playing system - “six on six”. A standard site size was established - 56 × 26 m, which has changed little since then. After four seasons, there was a complete division into professionals and amateurs. For the latter, the Allan Cup was established, which has been played since 1908. Its owners subsequently represented Canada at the World Championships.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Europeans became interested in Canadian hockey. The Congress in Paris in 1908 founded the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), which initially united four countries - Belgium, France, Great Britain and Switzerland. The Canadian Hockey Association (CAHA) was formed in 1914, and in 1920 it became a member of the International Federation.
To increase the entertainment and speed of the game, the replacement of athletes was allowed in 1910. In the same year, the National Hockey Association arose, and the famous National Hockey League (NHL) appeared only in 1917.
Many innovations belong to the hockey players Patrick brothers - James, Craig and Lester (the latter became a famous hockey figure). On their initiative, players were assigned numbers, points began to be awarded not only for goals, but also for assists (the “goal plus pass” system), hockey players were allowed to pass the puck forward, and goalkeepers were allowed to take their skates off the ice. The game has since started to last three periods of 20 minutes each.
In 1911, the IIHF officially approved the Canadian rules of the game of hockey, and the first world championship took place in 1920. In 1929, goalie Clint Benedict of the Montreal Maroons wore a mask for the first time. In 1934, the free throw - shootout - was legalized. In 1945, multi-colored lights were installed behind the goal to more accurately count goals scored (“red” means a goal, “green” means no goal was scored). In the same year, triple refereeing was introduced: a chief referee and two assistants (linesmen). In 1946, a system of referee gestures for specific violations of the rules was legalized.
Large arenas in the USA and Canada began to be built back in the 30s. XX century. Thus, in Chicago in 1938, a Sports Palace with 15 thousand seats appeared.
In 1920, the first meeting took place in an official tournament - at the Olympic Games - between teams from the Old and New Worlds. The Canadians once again confirmed their fame as the strongest hockey power in the world. The Canadians also won the Olympic tournaments (which were also considered the world championships) in 1924 and 1928. In 1936, Great Britain won the Olympic title from the Canadians, who had held it for 16 years. Since 1924, ice hockey has been included in the program of the Winter Olympic Games. The women's ice hockey tournament has been included in the Olympic program since the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.
Between 1920 and 1968, the Ice Hockey World Championship was held as part of the Olympic Games.
Hockey field
According to IIHF rules, the site should preferably be 58x30 meters in size; in official competitions under the auspices of the IIHF, deviations from this size are allowed up to 61 m in length and up to 27 m in width; for other competitions the minimum size of the site is set at 40x20 meters.
NHL rules require the size of the court to be 200 x 85 feet, that is, 60.96 x 25.90 meters. In the NHL, it is believed that smaller sizes contribute to power struggles, shots on goal, and play along the boards, where a lot of heated combat, skirmishes and fights take place.
The corners of the court must be rounded by an arc of a circle with a radius of 7 m to 8.5 m according to the rules of the IIHF and 28 feet (8.53 m) in the NHL.
The site must be surrounded by plastic or wooden sides no less than 1 m high and no more than 1.22 m above the ice surface. Protective glass must be installed on the front sides of the rink and a protective net on top of the glass to prevent the puck from flying out of the rink and, as a result, hitting the spectators. In the middle part of the side board there are two doors that open inward, designed for players to exit onto the court. Two more doors are located opposite: on the bench for fined players.
The front lines are drawn 3-4 m from the sides. 17.23 m from the goal line there are blue zone lines, thanks to which the court is divided into 3 zones: the central zone and two opponents’ zones. In the center of the field there is a red line dividing the court in half, and a throw-in point located in the middle of the red line. On both sides of the goal, at a distance of 6 m, there are throw-in points with a throw-in zone with a radius of 4.5 m.
Each hockey rink is equipped with two benches for fined players. Each bench must accommodate a minimum of 5 players. The minimum length of a bench is 4 meters, width is 1.5 meters.
Gate design:
Width - 1.83 m (6 ft)
Height - 1.22 m (4 ft)
The outer diameter of the racks is 5 cm
Hockey goals are mounted on pins, for which holes are drilled in the ice. This technology ensures a fairly strong fixation of the goal on the surface of the court, but at the same time the goal can move so that the player who collides with it does not get injured. From the center of the goal line with a radius of 1.8 m, the goal area is usually drawn:
in Russia, the length of the front line of the goal area is 3.6 m
in the NHL - 2.44 m
Much attention is paid to hockey equipment. Athletes take care to protect themselves as much as possible from painful hits from the puck and stick, from impacts when colliding with another player, from falling onto the board, etc. Previously, hockey player uniforms were heavy, and hockey players looked clumsy in them and felt discomfort. The top uniforms and helmets of players on the same team must be the same color (the goalkeeper is allowed to have a helmet of a different color from the helmets of other players). Players' jerseys must be marked with numbers and names.
The puck must be made of vulcanized rubber or other IIHF approved material and be primarily black in color.
Washer dimensions:
Diameter: 7.62 cm
Thickness: 2.54 cm
Weight: 170 g.
An ice hockey match consists of three periods of 20 minutes of net time. Breaks between periods last 15 minutes. In the event of a draw at the end of three periods, additional time (overtime) may be assigned. In case of a tie, at the end of overtime, free throws (shootouts) are taken. The need for overtime, as well as its duration, the need and number of free throws, are specified separately in the tournament regulations.
Usually 20-25 players from one team come to a match. The minimum and maximum number of players is determined by the tournament regulations.
At the same time, six players must be on the field from one team: five field players and one goalkeeper. It is allowed to replace the goalkeeper with a sixth field player. Changes of players are possible both during pauses during a stop in the game, and directly during the game. During overtime, there are five players on the court (a goalkeeper and four field players).
A hockey match is officiated by a refereeing panel consisting of three or four referees. One or two judges (depending on the tournament regulations) are called chief judges, the other two are called assistant chief judges, or linesmen. The duties of the chief referee include monitoring violations of the rules and recording goals. The Assistant Referees are responsible for monitoring offsides, icings, numerical violations, and puck throw-ins.
In addition to the referees, there is a refereeing team located outside the site on the field at each match. It includes:
two referees behind the goal
one secretary
one timekeeper
one informant judge
one video replay judge
two judges on the penalty bench
two registrar judges
In ice hockey, players are allowed to use so-called power wrestling (in women's ice hockey, power wrestling is prohibited). Power wrestling involves contact play, a body-to-body game. However, not all contact play is permitted. Tripping, holding the opponent with hands, holding the opponent with a stick, playing with a high stick, striking with hands, elbows, etc. are prohibited.
The player who violates the rules is removed from the court for a certain time. Removal can be disciplinary (for 10 minutes or until the end of the match), when another player comes on instead of the one who was sent off, or ordinary (for 2 minutes, 2+2 minutes or, less often, in case of injury - for 5 minutes), when the number of players on the court decreases. The removal time is calculated based on the net playing time. The ejected player spends the expulsion time in the penalty box. For some violations (for example, violation of the numerical strength), the team as a whole is punished; the fine is served by any of the players. If a team has less than three field players left (+ goalkeeper), then the expelled player serves his punishment, but is replaced by another player.
If the opposing team scores a goal, then one removed player (who has less time left) returns to the court early. This rule does not apply if the player has been given a five-minute or match penalty.
If a goalkeeper is sent off, another field player must serve the penalty in his place.
If a violation of the rules occurred against a player going one-on-one with the goalkeeper, the head referee may award a penalty throw (shootout). A free throw is taken by one skater of the injured team against the goalkeeper of the offending team. If a player goes one on one with an empty goal (the goalkeeper is replaced by a field player) and the rules are violated against him, then the referee will count the goal, even if the puck did not enter the goal.
If the offending team is fouled but the puck remains under their control, a delayed penalty will be assessed. The head referee raises one hand vertically up, and with the other brings the whistle to his lips and waits for any of the players of the offending team to touch the puck with the stick. During a delayed penalty, the goalkeeper of the injured team may leave the goal empty and change to an additional skater, which will give his team a numerical advantage. As soon as the offending team gains possession of the puck (sometimes even a touch is counted), the whistle sounds and the offender is ejected. If a delayed penalty is implemented, no deletion occurs and penalty minutes are not recorded in the game report.
Types of fines
Minor (2") - the player is sent off for 2 minutes without the right to be replaced. Given for minor violations: tripping, catching, playing with a high stick, holding an opponent with hands or a stick, delay of game, unsportsmanlike behavior, rudeness, etc. In the event, If a goalkeeper receives a penalty, the penalty is served by any player on the court at the discretion of the offending team's coach. ) Can be withdrawn early if a goal is scored.2 minutes are recorded in the penalty time statistics.
Team (2") - the team receives a penalty. Usually for a violation of the numerical strength, when, as a result of an incorrectly carried out change of fives, there is an extra skater on the ice. Any player at the coach’s choice will serve a penalty. Can be removed early if a goal is scored. Penalty time is recorded in the penalty time statistics 2 minutes.
Large (5") - the player is removed for 5 minutes without the right to be replaced. Additionally, a disciplinary fine may be imposed. Any player at the captain's choice will serve the fine. Cannot be removed early. 5 minutes are recorded in the penalty time statistics.
Disciplinary (10") - the player is sent off for 10 minutes with the right to be replaced. After the penalty time has expired, the penalized player may leave the penalty box at the first stoppage of the game. A repeated violation by one player is punishable by a disciplinary penalty for the rest of the game. 10 minutes are recorded in the penalty time statistics .
Game Disciplinary (GM) - A player or team official is removed for the remainder of the game with the right to be replaced and sent to the stands. After the game, the referee must file a report, and the competition organizer may impose an additional penalty. The penalty time statistics are recorded as 20 minutes.
Match Penalty (MP) - the player is removed for the rest of the game with the right to be replaced after 5 minutes, disqualified for the next match and sent to the stands. Any player on the court, at the captain's discretion, serves a 5-minute penalty. After the game, the referee must file a report, and the competition organizer may impose an additional penalty. The 5 minute penalty cannot be removed early. The penalty time statistics are recorded as 25 minutes.
Penalty Shot (PS) - a free throw (shootout) is awarded against the offending team. All players must leave the court with the exception of the goalkeeper of the offending team and the opposing field player. The puck is placed in the center of the field in front of the field player, the chief referee blows the whistle, after which the player begins to approach the goalkeeper and makes one shot at the goal without the possibility of finishing. If the offending team was short-handed at the time the penalty shot was awarded and the penalty shot was scored, the penalty waiver rule does not apply.
Types of violations
Violations against players
Push on board
The player performs a power move, as a result of which the opponent hits the board with force
A player injures a player as a result of being pushed onto the board
Impact with the end of the stick
A player tries to hit an opponent with the end of a stick
A player hits an opponent with the end of a stick
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures an opponent by hitting him with the end of his stick.
Penalty: match penalty
Wrong attack
A player swoops, pounces or attacks an opponent incorrectly
or match penalty
Player injures player due to illegal attack
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Attacking an opponent from behind
A player swoops, jumps, physically attacks or hits an opponent from behind
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Player injures player due to attack from behind
Penalty: match penalty
Clipping
The player performs a power move in a cutting manner or at or below the level of the opponent's knees
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Player injures player due to clipping
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Push with a stick
A player pushes an opponent with his stick
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures a player as a result of a push with a stick.
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Elbow strike
A player uses his elbow to strike an opponent
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Player injures player due to elbow strike
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Exceptional rudeness
A player commits an action not permitted by the rules that results or may result in injury to an opponent, team official or referee
Penalty: match penalty
Fighting or rudeness
A player deliberately throws off his glove (or gloves) during a fight or skirmish
The player starts a fight
Penalty: match penalty
The player who is hit throws or attempts to hit back
Punishment: small fine
The player is the first to enter into an already ongoing conflict
A player who, when ordered by the referee to stop an action involving him, continues to participate in a fight, attempts to continue a fight, or attempts to interfere with a line judge in the performance of his duties
Penalty: double minor or major + game disciplinary or match penalty
A player or official who is involved in a dispute with a player or official off the playing surface
Penalty: disciplinary penalty or game disciplinary penalty or match penalty
The player is guilty of excessive rudeness
Penalty: minor penalty or double minor penalty or major penalty + disciplinary action for the rest of the game
A player grabs or holds a face mask or helmet or pulls an opponent's hair
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary until the end of the game
Headbutt
A player attempts to hit or deliberately headbutts an opponent
Penalty: match penalty
High stick
The player plays dangerously with his stick raised high towards the opponent
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player intentionally causes injury with a high stick
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player accidentally injures himself with a high stick
Penalty: double minor fine
Holding your opponent with your hands
The player delays the opponent with his hands or stick
Punishment: small fine
Holding the opponent's stick with your hands
The player holds the opponent's stick with his hands or in some other way
Punishment: small fine
Stick hold
The player obstructs or attempts to impede the progress of an opponent by holding him back with his stick
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures an opponent as a result of holding his stick
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
The player makes a delay with his stick on an opponent who is one-on-one with the goalkeeper
Penalty: free throw
The player makes a delay with his stick on an opponent who is going one-on-one with an empty goal
Penalty: goal
Attack by a player not in possession of the puck (blocking)
A player attacks or impedes the progress of an opponent who is not in possession of the puck.
Punishment: small fine
A player from the players' bench or penalty bench uses his stick or his body to impede the progress of the puck by an opponent who is on the ice and taking part in the game.
Punishment: small fine
A player, using his stick or his body, obstructs or attempts to obstruct the goalkeeper's movement while he is in his goal crease.
Punishment: small fine
A player or official who is illegally on the ice while his team's goaltender is removed from the ice uses his stick or his body to impede the progress of the puck by an opponent
Penalty: goal
Kick
A player who kicks or attempts to kick another player
Penalty: match penalty
Foul using the knee
A player uses his knee to attack an opponent
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures a player as a result of an action involving the knee.
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Hit with a stick
A player obstructs or attempts to impede an opponent's progress by striking him with his stick.
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary until the end of the game
A player injures an opponent with a stick blow
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player swings a stick at another player during a conflict
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
Thrust
A player attempts to stab an opponent
Penalty: double minor fine + disciplinary fine
A player throws a thrust at an opponent
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures an opponent as a result of a stabbing blow
Penalty: match penalty
Step
A player exposes his stick, leg, arm, shoulder or elbow to cause an opponent to trip or fall
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player injures an opponent by tripping him
Penalty: major fine + disciplinary action for the rest of the game or match penalty
A player trips an opponent who is one-on-one with the goalkeeper
Penalty: free throw
A player trips an opponent who is going one-on-one with an empty goal.
Penalty: goal
Attack to the head and neck area
The player hits the opponent's head and neck area or visor or forces the opponent's head into the protective glass
Penalty: minor penalty + disciplinary penalty or major penalty + game disciplinary penalty or match penalty
A player injures an opponent as a result of an attack to the head and neck area
Penalty: match penalty
Power techniques in women's hockey
In women's hockey, a player performs a direct power move
Penalty: minor fine or major fine + disciplinary until the end of the game
Other rule violations
Unsportsmanlike conduct by players
A player off the ice uses offensive language or gestures or interferes with the officials, or a penalized player does not go to the penalty box or locker room
Penalty: minor fine, minor disciplinary penalty or match penalty
A player challenges a referee's decision or deliberately pushes the puck away from a referee when the referee tries to pick it up or drives into the referee's area while the referee is talking to another referee.
Punishment: disciplinary fine
A player on the ice uses offensive language or gestures or hits the boards with a stick or other object or refuses to go to the penalty bench after a fight or picks up his or her equipment or continues to act in a manner intended to retaliate against an opponent or intentionally throws any equipment out of the arena
Punishment: disciplinary fine
The player expresses or makes references to race or ethnicity
Penalty: disciplinary fine for the rest of the game
The player intentionally physically influences the referee (push, trip, force move) or spits at someone, or his behavior interferes with the conduct of the game
Penalty: match penalty
A player off the ice throws a stick or other object and this player can be identified
Penalty: minor penalty + disciplinary penalty until the end of the game
An off-ice player throws a stick or other object onto the ice
Unsportsmanlike behavior on the part of team representatives
A team representative uses offensive language or gestures or interferes with the actions of the referee or hits the board with a stick or other object
Penalty: Minor bench penalty
Team representative continues unsportsmanlike behavior
Penalty: disciplinary fine for the rest of the game
Team representative expresses racial or ethnic discrimination
Penalty: disciplinary fine for the rest of the game
A team representative grabs or hits the referee or interferes with the play or spits at the referee or makes an offensive gesture towards the referee
Penalty: match penalty
A team representative throws a stick or other object onto the ice and this team representative was identified
Penalty: minor bench penalty + disciplinary penalty for the rest of the game
A team representative throws a stick or other object onto the ice and this team representative could not be identified
Penalty: Minor bench penalty
Game delay
A player who is outside the defensive zone passes or introduces the puck into his defensive zone for the purpose of delaying the game (exception: the team is shorthanded) and his team has already been cautioned for this violation in the current period
Punishment: small fine
A player or goaltender who is not being attacked by an opponent holds, pins, or advances the puck along the boards to stop play
Punishment: small fine
A player or goalkeeper deliberately moves the goal
Punishment: small fine
A player or goalkeeper intentionally moves a goal in his defensive zone during the last 2 minutes of the third period or during overtime
Penalty: free throw
A player or goalkeeper deliberately moves the goal when an opponent is one-on-one with the goalkeeper
Penalty: free throw
A player or goalkeeper deliberately moves the goal when the opponent is one-on-one with an empty goal
Penalty: goal
A player intentionally throws the puck out of bounds
Punishment: small fine
A player or goalkeeper delays play to get his equipment in order.
Punishment: small fine
Injured player refuses to leave the ice
Punishment: small fine
After a goal is scored, a team has more players on the ice than necessary to continue the game.
The player takes his time to get into position for the throw-in
Penalty: Minor team penalty
A player repeatedly enters the throw-in circle during one throw-in
Penalty: Minor team penalty
The team does not put enough players on the ice after the break to continue the game.
Penalty: Minor team penalty
Violation of numerical strength
The number of players on the court at one time exceeds the number allowed by the current situation (more than 5 field players when playing at full strength or more than the nominal number of players allowed by the current penalties imposed on the team)
Penalty: A minor bench penalty is imposed on any of the field players present on the court at the time of the violation, at the choice of the team being fined.
Violation of equipment rules
A player or goalkeeper who has lost part of his equipment (except for his stick) or has intentionally or unintentionally violated the condition of his equipment (broken stick, broken helmet or other protective equipment) continues to take an active part in the game (in the NHL it is only prohibited to continue playing with parts of a broken stick in his hands , in other cases the rule does not apply)
Punishment: small fine
Violations of the rules not punishable by a bench or disciplinary fine
Playing with a high stick
The player attempts to hit or shoots the puck while raising the bottom of the stick above his shoulder or above the level of the crossbar without risking hitting an opponent with the stick.
Hand pass
The player, being outside his defensive zone, passes the puck to a teammate by throwing or hitting it with his hand.
Result: stoppage of play, throw-in in the neutral zone if the rules were violated by the attacking team or in the defensive zone if the defending team.
Puck delay
The player, having caught the puck, holds it in his hand, or in any other part of the equipment (sweater, helmet) for more than 1 second.
Result: stoppage of play, throw-in in the neutral zone if the rules were violated by the attacking team or in the defensive zone if the defending team.
Game tactics, despite the fact that it contains many options, techniques and methods, are of two types - defensive tactics and attack tactics. The choice of the type of tactics that a team or player will use depends on the situation on the field, namely, what position they are in - attack or defense.
Defensive tactics are used at a time in the game when the team does not have the puck and the opponent is dribbling with the goal of scoring a goal. The main task of the team and players is to neutralize the opponent and take the puck from him. Defense can be personal (when the fight for the puck is between two players of opposing teams), zone (when a player defends his part of the ice rink, which are divided depending on the functions of the players) and mixed (when the first two options are combined). One of the most popular defensive techniques, which does not allow the opposing team to conduct an organized attack, is pressing throughout the playing area.
The attack (or attack) tactics are chosen by the team when conquering the opponent's goal. Attack (like defense) can be individual, group and team. An individual attack depends on the personal skill of the hockey player, his possession of the stick, the puck, the ability to “dribble” the puck, etc. The success of a group and team attack (when two or more players are involved in attacking actions) depends on the well-coordinated work of the team as a whole and their interaction together.
In terms of speed, the attack is divided into instantaneous (high-speed, when the number of passes is clearly distributed both in time and in the number of players) and positional (based on a long play of the puck in the opponent’s part of the field). There is also a distinction between an attack on the move (that is, a high-speed attack, limited in time and the number of passes between partners) and a positional attack - with a long dribble and throwing the puck in the opponent’s zone. An attack on the move most often appears at the moment when the opponent has made a miscalculation and has not yet had time to switch from attacking to defensive actions, which makes it possible to take advantage of someone else’s mistake and score a goal. A prolonged attack has the disadvantage that the enemy barely had time to coordinate his actions and is ready to defend his goal. In this situation, feints, various actions and combinations help, which help confuse the enemy with non-standard attack behavior and the effect of surprise.
