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Athletics arena: photo, design, opening, training in the athletics arena. Sports Palace Sports complex athletics arena

Space-planning solutions

The dimensions of the building in the outer axes are 112 x 70 m. The athletics arena consists of an indoor one-story hall with stands for spectators for 350 seats and a three-story administrative extension. Under the three-story part there is a basement with engineering rooms and communications. The number of floors in the building is 1-4 floors, the number of storeys is 1-3 floors. The height of the hall is 9.85 -10.61 m to the bottom of the farm structures. The height of the basement floor is 3.0 m, the first floor is 3.9 m, the second floor is 4.5 m, the third floor to the bottom of the roof is 3.4 m. The maximum height of the building from the design ground level to the highest level of the building's structural element (parapet) is 15.72 m for the three-story part and 16.22 m for a one-story arena hall. The height of the fire-technical three-story part is 9.6 m. The level of the finished floor of the first floor is taken as the relative elevation of 0.000, corresponding to the absolute elevation of 74.20 in the Baltic height system. The spatial organization of the building is determined by its functional purpose - ensuring training and competitive processes in athletics. The main volume of the one-story indoor athletics arena includes: a circular track 200 m long into six separate tracks of 0.9 m each; 60m sprint track with six separate 1.22m lanes; two sectors for high jumps; sector for pole vaulting with a runway width of 1.25 m; two sectors for long jump and triple jump with a runway width of 1.25 m; a sector for training discus throwing into a net with a protective fence; shot put sector with protective fence; two storage rooms for sports equipment. On the longitudinal side of the arena there is a grandstand with 350 seats, 4 of which are provided for people with disabilities with musculoskeletal disorders in the immediate vicinity of the entrance to the hall. Also on the podium, separate from the seats for spectators, there is a judge's box with 16 seats with the possibility of placing judges on the line with the common finish line. The judge's box has a separate service staircase to the arena. The judges' premises area is located on two levels within the three-story part of the administrative and economic extension and has a direct connection with the judges' box. The first level provides premises for the panel of judges, information judges, scoreboard management and musical accompaniment, while the second level contains premises for the secretariat and duplicating equipment, storage of prizes and a photo finish with video editing. The judges' offices for information, scoreboard control and photo finish have windows facing the arena. A scoreboard is installed on the wall of the arena, located opposite the judge's box. The grandstand has direct communication with the lobby of the first floor of the three-story part. The arena is provided with the necessary emergency exits, taking into account the possible presence of disabled people. On the ground floor of the administrative and utility extension in axes 2-7, a block of locker rooms for athletes and coaches with a separate entrance was designed. In the same block there is a wardrobe for athletes’ outerwear and a vestibule for athletes, in which a rest area is arranged. All premises have a convenient connection with the arena through a separate corridor. The central part of the first floor is occupied by premises for visitors: a vestibule combined with a foyer in front of the entrance to the hall, a wardrobe and a bathroom. nodes for visitors, as well as an administrator's desk - a reception with the function of a cash desk, security and personnel premises. In axes 19-21 of the first floor there is a doping control area and a medical room (doctor’s office) for providing first aid and examination and consultations of those involved. In axes 21-25 of the first floor there is a utility area for housing workers and engineering and technical personnel, as well as utility rooms serving the cafe - a loading room and a temporary waste storage room. Household the block has its own entrance. On the second floor of the administrative extension there is a block of saunas (separately for men and women), a massage room with one table, a gym with changing rooms and a cafe with 40 seats with auxiliary premises. On the third floor of the administrative extension there are administrative premises, a meeting room and ventilation chambers. Ventilation chambers are separated from rooms with constant occupancy by double partitions with an air gap of 40 mm. In the basement there are rooms for electric power supply units, a water metering unit and a pumping station, and an electrical switchboard. For MGN access to the second and third floors of the building, two elevators with a lifting capacity of 630 kg and 1000 kg are provided, cabin dimensions are 1100x1400mm and 1100x2100mm, respectively, without machine rooms. Elevators are made without a lift hall with enclosing structures of the shaft with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 45 and filling the doorways in the fences of the elevator shafts with fire doors with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 30. A platform of at least 2 m is arranged in front of the elevators. Exits to the roof are provided along six external open staircases of type P1-2 and two exits are organized directly from the stairwells. Fire escapes of type P1-1 are installed at roof differences. Traditional non-exploitable roll roofing with internal drainage on a base made of metal corrugated sheeting - on the main volume of the arena (slope 2.2%), and on a reinforced concrete slab on the three-story part (slope 1.5-5.6%). The base of the building is made of three-layer masonry (solid brick 250 mm - mineral wool insulation of the NG group 100 mm - solid brick 120 mm) with porcelain tile cladding in a cement-sand solution. In the enclosing structures of the facade, wall sandwich panels of element-by-element assembly are used, filled with NG group mineral wool and faced with metal cassettes. On the cylindrical forms of the main entrance, a hinged ventilated facade with insulation from NG group mineral wool and cladding with metal cassettes is used. Glazing is carried out with stained glass structures - single-chamber double-glazed windows on an aluminum stained-glass profile, and with separate windows - single-chamber double-glazed windows on a metal-plastic profile. External and vestibule doors are insulated. Tempered glass canopies on metal hangers are provided above all entrances accessible to the MGN. The protruding part of the second floor serves as a canopy over the main entrance. Interior space solutions are dictated by the functional purpose of the building blocks. Zoning of the main functional groups of premises was carried out, taking into account the necessary technological connections between them. The color scheme of the interiors is provided in light neutral colors with the necessary markings and designations for various groups of MGN.

Constructive decisions

The athletics arena building includes a 3-story administrative block (AHB) with a basement containing storage rooms, locker rooms, administrative premises and an arena. 6 a. information on topographical, engineering-geological, hydrogeological, meteorological and climatic conditions of the land plot provided for the placement of a capital construction project; The development site for the construction of an athletics arena is located in the urban district. The relative elevation of 0.000 m is taken to be the elevation of the “clean” floor of the 1st floor, equal to the absolute elevation of +74.200 m in the Baltic height system. The designed building belongs to the II (normal) level of responsibility (GOST 27751-88*). Climatic region of construction II V. (Appendix A map of climatic zoning for construction SP 131.13330.2012). The standard value of the weight of snow cover on 1 m2 of horizontal surface is 0.24 t/m2. (IV district). The standard value of wind pressure is 0.038 t/m2. (III district). The standard seasonal freezing depth for bulk soils is 1.88 m. According to clause 4.3 of SP 14.13330.2012, design is carried out according to OSR-2015 type A maps, and the city is not seismically hazardous. 6 b. information about the special natural climatic conditions of the territory on which the land plot provided for the placement of a capital construction project is located; According to engineering and geological conditions, the territory allocated for construction belongs to category III of complexity. Geotechnical category - II (medium). The terrain of the territory is poorly dissected. Compacted bulk soils (IGE 1): dug up soil-vegetative layer with sand, exhibiting slightly heaving properties; Light silty loams (IGE 2a) are collapsible and exhibit slightly heaving properties; The sands are small, dense (IGE 3), low-moisture, with interlayers of loam; Subsidence soils are developed throughout the survey site. According to the results of chemical analyzes of water extracts, soils in relation to concrete of normal permeability, in accordance with Appendix B SP 28.13330.2012, are slightly aggressive in terms of sulfate content and non-aggressive in terms of chloride content. The soils are highly corrosive to carbon and low-alloy steel. According to engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions, taking into account the design of structures, the work site belongs to the category of non-flooding areas of category Sh-A. The designed building belongs to the II (normal) level of responsibility (GOST 27751-88*). The ACB building is designed using a monolithic frame structural design with stiffening cores. The load-bearing elements are reinforced concrete columns, reinforced concrete diaphragms that stiffen the building, as well as the walls of the staircase assembly. The building is cut into three blocks using expansion joints, with a block length of 44/24/44 m. The arena building is constructed using a braced frame scheme with a metal coating on reinforced concrete columns. Arena foundations: free-standing pile foundations on columnar grillages with hinged-supported rand beams. Adopted on the basis of data from a technical report on engineering and geological surveys for the object: “Design and construction of an athletics arena in the urban district. Columnar foundations are free-standing stepped foundations. Concrete is accepted class B25 W6 F150. The foundations have a concrete preparation made of class B12.5 concrete with a thickness of 100 mm, laid on a pre-compacted base. The design load on the pile is assumed to be 49 tf, the length of the pile is 11.12 m, the cross section of the pile is 300x300 mm. Load-bearing walls of the ACB: longitudinal, transverse walls and columns of the building are designed from monolithic reinforced concrete. Reinforcement of walls and pylons is provided with flat welded mesh, reinforcement of lintels over openings is provided with spatial knitted frames. The thickness of the load-bearing walls is 160 mm for staircase and elevator units. Concrete is accepted class B25 W6 F150 for basement walls, class B25 W4 F100. Fittings class A500C and A240. Load-bearing columns of the arena: Arena: Prefabricated reinforced concrete columns with a section of 500x400 mm with rigid embedding of free-standing grillages into the glass. Concrete is accepted class B30 W6 F100, reinforcement class A500C and A240. AKHB: Monolithic columns with a cross-section of 400x400 mm are supported on columnar grillages and on floor slabs floor by floor. Concrete is accepted class B25 W6 F100, reinforcement class A500C and A240. Basement load-bearing walls: monolithic walls 250 mm thick, with coating bitumen waterproofing. Insulation of the base is provided for by the AR project. External self-supporting enclosing walls, with floor-by-floor support on AKhB floor slabs: 250mm brick, insulation with mineral wool and stone cladding. Made from suspended vent. facade with cladding with metal cassettes on 250mm brick and reinforced concrete. The facade glazing is made of stained glass structures using a profile extruded from aluminum alloys for translucent enclosing structures in accordance with GOST 22233-2001. External enclosing walls of the arena: - In the lower part there is a brick plinth supported by rand beams; - In the upper part there is a sandwich panel of element-by-element assembly, lined with metal cassettes. - The facade triple glazing for the entire height of the building is made of stained glass structures using a profile pressed from aluminum alloys for translucent enclosing structures in accordance with GOST 22233-2001. - fire barrier EI 45 made of solid brick with a thickness of 250 mm along the G axis, secured with flexible connections to the arena columns. Internal self-supporting walls: - glass, plasterboard, block Partition material: hollow brick KR-r-pu 50x120x65/1NF/125/1.4/25/GOST 530-2012, for rooms with wet conditions (showers) solid brick KR-r - according to 250x120x65/1 NF/125/1.4/25/GOST 530-2012, for smoke exhaust shafts solid brick KR-r-po 250x120x65/1NF/150/2.0/25/GOST 530-2012 For sections of external walls : hollow brick KR-r-pu 250x120x65/1NF/125/1.4/25/GOST 530-2012. Reinforced concrete lintels in accordance with GOST 948-84. The masonry of self-supporting walls is attached to the reinforced concrete frame of the building with flexible connections in an anti-corrosion design (0.7 mm punched tape with a powder gun fastening to a dowel-nail 04) through 4 rows of masonry. Flights of stairs and landings: typesetting on steel stringers, plastered on mesh, and monolithic flights. Ventilation: according to the technical specifications for the design of air conditioners. AKhB: Monolithic reinforced concrete 200 mm thick and a contour beam measuring 250x400 mm, with thickening at the junction with the columns. Concrete is accepted class B25 W4 F100. The ceiling above the basement is designed as a slab supported along the contour on the walls of the basement and on the columns in the central span. Floor slabs and coverings are designed to support the contour beam and the columns in the central span. The arena covering according to KR2: designed from metal structures. The covering is made on steel trusses with a span of 54 m. The outer crossbars (axes 2, 24) are made in the form of steel trusses with a span of 30 m and steel beams with a span of 12 m. The pitch of the crossbars is 6m. The project provides for the installation of a continuous steel deck made of steel ribbed profiles along steel purlins laid on the upper chords of the trusses. The covering in axes 1-2, 24-25/E-Zh is made of steel ribbed profiles (corrugated sheeting) laid on steel beams. Arena floor composition: geotextile; compacted sand bed 300 mm; polyethylene film; reinforced concrete slab 150 mm (class B15 concrete, A500C reinforcement); cement-sand screed 100 mm; synthetic coating 50 mm. A monolithic retaining wall is provided along the contour of the running arena with a height of 600-700 mm to ensure a 12% slope of the running track. Retaining wall made of concrete class B20, W6, 200 mm thick, reinforcement class A500C. Retaining walls are provided for sand pits for pole vaulting and long jumping. They are made of reinforced concrete with a wall thickness of 160 mm, class B15 concrete, reinforcement class A500C. The pits are installed in accordance with section AR. The calculation of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures was carried out using the SCAD 21.1 program. Pile foundations were calculated in the program. As a result of the calculation, linear forces in walls and forces in columns, shearing and bending forces in lintels, span and support moments in floor slabs were determined. As a result of the DCS calculation, reinforcement of all load-bearing elements was assigned. The calculations of load-bearing structures are focused on the use of the finite element method in the form of the displacement method (FEM). The division of the plate elements of the building into finite elements is assigned taking into account that the internal forces determined by the calculation in the center of each finite element correspond to the actual operation of the structure. In the design diagram, the connections between foundations, columns and floors are assumed to be rigid. The calculation of the floors was carried out for the total load, taking into account the dead weight of the structure of the slab, floor, partitions, equipment, people, taking into account the corresponding overload coefficients for strength and crack resistance. As a result of the DCS calculation, reinforcement of all load-bearing elements was assigned. The calculation was carried out taking into account the joint work of all building structures, foundations and the base of the building. To take into account the joint work of building structures with the foundation at the level of the bottom of the piles, elastic connections were introduced into the calculation scheme, simulating the elastic work of the soil and uneven settlement. 6 f. description and justification of technical solutions that ensure the necessary strength, stability, spatial immutability of buildings and structures of a capital construction project as a whole, as well as their individual structural elements, assemblies, parts during the manufacturing, transportation, construction and operation of a capital construction project. The spatial rigidity of the ACB is ensured by the horizontal discs of the floors and the rigidity of the frame. Stair units form the rigid core of the building. To absorb the pushing force in the walls and columns, at the places where they interface with the floor slab, capitals are provided. The spacing of load-bearing columns and piers is irregular and is dictated by architectural requirements. The immutability of the arena's metal covering is ensured by a continuous disk formed by the flooring, fixed to the purlins. The purlins secure the upper chords of the trusses. The upper and lower chords of the trusses are decoupled from the plane by vertical braced trusses and spacers.

This page of the online store of the Sports Technologies company provides information on the comprehensive equipment of indoor athletics arenas. Such work is divided into two types:

1. Complete turnkey equipment of the arena for newly built facilities, facilities after reconstruction or repair.
2. Retrofitting, completing or updating existing equipment and inventory.

Athletics arenas are indoor sports facilities with a multifunctional sports core for conducting training sessions and athletics competitions.

In accordance with the requirements of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), the athletics arena is a class V structure. It usually includes the following elements:

• main arena;
• Gym;
• general physical training hall;
• acrobatics hall;
• massage;
• administrative block.

The main arena houses the following objects:

• oval circular running track 200 meters long;
• straight tracks 60 meters long for sprinting and hurdles;
• training treadmills (for practicing the start, developing speed qualities);
• sectors for shot put, javelin, discus and hammer throw;
• sectors for long jumps, high jumps and pole vaults.

Next to the indoor facility there is an outdoor sports infrastructure: running tracks for training and competitions in the summer, various outdoor playing fields, outdoor exercise equipment, etc.

According to IAAF requirements, competitive athletics arenas must be equipped with:

• Equipment for timing, photo finish and false start.
• An information board with electronic means of measuring and displaying the result, as well as the output of operational information to a central computer.

Since 1995, the IAAF has approved uniform standards in the construction and operation of sports facilities. In accordance with them, the comprehensive equipment of athletics arenas includes the following sequence of work:

1. Drawing up picking lists, placement plans (if necessary) and estimates, assistance in preparing technical specifications for the purchase (if necessary), providing data for the sports facility passport.
2. Laying sports flooring. It is necessary to lay many types of coatings simultaneously, depending on the purpose of the sector or room. Modern coatings should dampen the negative impact of intense loads on the musculoskeletal system and at the same time facilitate the development of necessary skills. For example, the standards provide for a landfill with coatings that have different elastic-dynamic properties.
3. Installation of stands (stationary, prefabricated, collapsible, telescopic, etc.), tunnels, referee seats, etc.
4. Installation of sports equipment (linear-modular equipment for assessing running technique, athletics stands and bars, barriers for running, starting blocks, barrier and dividing nets, marking of sports fields, as well as complex equipment for gyms, general physical training halls, acrobatics, etc.) .
5. Arrangement of locker rooms and equipment storage areas, supply of athletics accessories, throwing equipment and other sports equipment, as well as safety, matting and children's mats.
6. Testing equipment in test mode.
7. Delivery and acceptance of work.

When carrying out complex equipment of athletics arenas, we take into account four important factors:

1. Quality. The issue of ensuring compliance of such facilities with Russian and international standards requires an expert level of knowledge, since the Russian SNiPs currently used (SNiP 2.08.02-85, SNiP 11-76-78 “Sports Facilities”, VNS 46-86 “Sports and Physical Education health facilities"), and new applications to them have significant features and some differences with the IAAF requirements.
2. Safety. Compliance with safety requirements, c. incl. standards SP 332.1325800.2017. Athletic facilities. Design rules.
3. Functional. Taking into account all the requirements of the IAAF, ARAF (All-Russian Athletics Federation), requirements for sports and parameters of technical compatibility of equipment, requirements for the size and zoning of various training areas and adjacent premises.
4. Budget. The correct choice of configuration options, based on the purpose: universal or special, and the level (amateur, professional, international class) of the athletics arena.

Without special training and experience, it is almost impossible to competently combine these factors. Trust us: we will solve all organizational issues ourselves, select the necessary equipment in accordance with the technical requirements of the project, as well as the requirements of the IAAF, ARAF, SP and GOST R, and as a result draw up a competent specification (pick list), combining many groups of equipment and inventory for different types sports

Playpens that we write about in other issues:

Indoor athletics and football complex CSKA

Address: Leningradsky Prospekt, 39, building Dynamo metro station (1.3 km) and Airport (1 km).

Opening hours: from 8 to 21.00

Tracks: 5 x 200 m. Plus a separate track around the perimeter of the arena for quiet running, 333 meters long.

Subscription: no

Single visits: 400 rubles

Availability of showers/locker rooms: locker rooms without lockers, things can be put in the cloakroom

Vladimir Shmalenyuk, member of the running club Running Expert:

Pros of CSKA: big, there is something to breathe, a good elastic track for speed training, a lot of accompanying elements for athletics.

Cons: high price, locker room with cockroaches, disgusting shower, broken, open until 21:00, no normal wardrobe and no opportunity to return your things. Lots of kids working out.

Alexander Golovin, head coach of the running club Running Expert:

CSKA is too far from the metro (about 1.5 km) and very expensive, although the time is not controlled. Advantage: there is a warm-up track and people jog along it, and “work” can be done on a 200-meter circle. The slope of the turn is specific - it is good only when running fast; at a pace slower than 4 min/km it can be uncomfortable.

Margarita Grigorieva, parkrun Vernadskogo:

The playpen is good and spacious. Cons: distance from the metro, high price, stuffy, uncomfortable locker rooms. Showers with cockroaches. It's difficult to navigate the corridors. An extremely incomprehensible and long procedure for paying for the entrance ticket. First, you wait your turn at the terminals (there are only two of them!), then you need to go to the administrator to get your ticket approved, to the security guard, and only after that you are allowed into the arena.

Athletics arena RGUFK

Address: Sirenevy Boulevard, 4; Metro Cherkizovskaya

Working hours: from 9:00 to 20:00

Tracks: 3 x 200 m; 8 x 60 m (straight)

Subscription: 8 visits 1500 rubles

One-time visit: no

Availability of shower/changing rooms: yes

Pavel Mishinev:

Pros: bright + good paths.

Disadvantages - a bit far from the metro and the center, there are no one-time visits, the work schedule is not suitable for working people.

Athletics arena MGSU

Address: Yaroslavskoe highway, 26

The modern arena at the Moscow Construction University opened in September last year. As stated on the university’s website, in addition to students, “professional athletes – members of national teams at various levels, and residents of the north-east of Moscow will also be able to train here.” But for now the arena doors are closed to amateur runners. the site took this address “on pencil”. We will inform you when the hall becomes available for runners.

In this article we will talk about such a necessary place for sports as an athletics arena. Photos, design, opening, features of conducting classes and much more about this object can be found here.

Athletics arena - what is it?

There are many varieties of these infrastructure facilities. Among them are equestrian, circus and sports. We will analyze the latter in detail.

An athletics arena is a room designed for running and athletics competitions in the winter. It can be used for both speed and endurance training, in case you suddenly decide to participate in a marathon. The length of the indoor track and field arena, which has an oval shape, is about 200 meters. It consists of 4-6 tracks separated from each other and having a width of 0.9-1.1 m, as well as sectors necessary for jumping sports.

The size of the track should allow competitions to be held in a straight line at a distance of up to 60 meters. The free space before the start line should not be less than 3 meters, and after the finish - at least 10-15 meters. The optimal length of the track is 200 m in a circle, with a turning radius of no less than 11 m and no more than 21 m. Typically, the bends of such sites have an inclination angle, which is most often 18 degrees. His role is to help athletes go the distance during turns.

Separate competitions, which are held in an indoor facility, belong to one sport - shot put. As a rule, there is no specialized sector for this. Athletes occupy space in other sectors and hence, while in such places, it is very important to keep an eye on what is happening around you to avoid unnecessary injuries and troubles.

Features in design

A general idea of ​​what an athletics arena is is given. But much still remains unclear. Let's look at how athletics arenas are designed. As a rule, each such facility is built as a separate building or part of a sports complex with many halls inside. It most often contains tracks for circular walking and running, as well as tracks designed for high-speed movement in a straight line. There is at least one place for shot put, long jump, and practice throwing discus and javelin. An important factor that is taken into account when determining the size of the hall is the length of the track intended for running. Depending on this, places for shot putting are designed.

How do some foreign arenas differ from Russian ones?

Let's look at some of the features of these objects. For some time now, foreign playpens have acquired one significant advantage - versatility. They are designed for both athletics and other sports. This allows us to expand the range of opportunities that athletes can engage in on such a site.

Primary requirements

A more convenient and optimal track length for starting at different distances is considered to be 200 m. Another distance is allowed, but not less than 160 meters. A running track may have turns with a radius of at least 11 m, but not more than 20 m. To move in a circle at the turns of the track, turns are needed. In the place where the slope is the greatest value, the level of steepness should be within 10-18 degrees.

A few words about the opening

After the design of the sports arena comes to an end, the long, labor-intensive process of construction and implementation of plans for its arrangement begins. Only after all this is completed will it be possible to begin meeting guests and athletes. The opening of an athletics arena is a significant event that both athletes and their coaches always look forward to. This is because building a new training space is a fairly rare event. The opening ceremony takes place, after which the arena is ready to receive its first visitors.

Classes

Now there is one more question worth asking. How are classes conducted in the athletics arena? After the facility opened its doors to us, the future athlete will have to choose one of the possible types of athletics. You can do race walking, running or jumping. But why do we need this? Firstly, exercises from this “element” can help improve your health. Secondly, training affects all muscle groups, strengthens the movement apparatus, and improves the function of the respiratory and cardiac organs. Classes are available to everyone, except those with health restrictions. It is advisable to exercise only with a professional trainer.

Each arena has an arena. And the arena, in turn, depending on the capabilities, may have the following: several tracks for running 200 m and 60 m, sectors for javelin throwing, discus throwing, shot put, and jumping. Also, almost every such facility has everything necessary for the comfort of an athlete, from a locker room, a shower and a locker for storing things to the equipment necessary for running, wall bars and gyms in which you can perform the necessary exercises and train with weights. But everything has its price. In order to visit this place you will need to purchase a subscription, and its cost will depend on many factors. As in any sports facility, each arena has a number of rules of conduct and safety precautions that must be followed. Below we will present only those that are applicable to any athletics arena.

First of all, on the paths you need to move counterclockwise. Warm-up before gymnastic exercises takes place outside the “track”. Such things as abrupt changes of paths, their intersection and movement opposite to the general one are strictly prohibited. Also a small warning: before entering the path you need to look to the left in order not to collide with a person already moving along it.

Conclusion

The athletics arena is a place for athletics in the winter season. Each such place has tracks 200 and 60 meters long, places for shot put and javelin and discus throwing, wall bars and a gym. Some of them may be intended not only for athletics, but also for other sports. The design of playpens is carried out by professionals, taking into account all the necessary dimensions. The opening of new venues occurs quite rarely and this is a truly significant event, and classes in such complexes require the implementation of certain rules. I believe that now the reader has a clear idea of ​​such a sports place. Happy training!